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[摘要]：Recent work on phase transitions in chalcogenides (underlying phase change memory) led to a theory of symmetry-breaking field effects, predicting needle-shaped metallic nuclei and exponentially accelerated nucleation rates. Here, we predict that, in general, any insulator will eventually form metallic inclusions if immersed in a sufficient electric field. These phase transitions are driven, not simply enhanced, by an electric field. Hence, metals can be formed under conditions where they would be otherwise unexpected. This opens the venue of field induced materials synthesis. As a technologically important example, we consider the field driven synthesis of metallic hydrogen at normal pressure. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3703611] |
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