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[摘要]：The paracellular claudin channel of the thick ascending limb (TAL) of Henle is critical for Ca++ reabsorption in the kidney. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified claudin-14 associated with hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis. Here, we show that claudin-14 promoter activity and transcript are exclusively localized in the TAL. Under normal dietary condition, claudin-14 proteins are suppressed by two microRNA molecules (miR-9 and miR-374). Both microRNAs directly target the 3'-UTR of claudin-14 mRNA; induce its mRNA decay and translational repression in a synergistic manner. Through physical interaction, claudin-14 blocks the paracellular cation channel made of claudin-16 and -19, critical for Ca++ reabsorption in the TAL. The transcript and protein levels of claudin-14 are upregulated by high Ca++ diet, while downregulated by low Ca++ diet. Claudin-14 knockout animals develop hypermagnesaemia, hypomagnesiuria, and hypocalciuria under high Ca++ dietary condition. MiR-9 and miR-374 transcript levels are regulated by extracellular Ca++ in a reciprocal manner as claudin-14. The Ca++ sensing receptor (CaSR) acts upstream of the microRNA-claudin-14 axis. Together, these data have established a key regulatory role for claudin-14 in renal Ca++ homeostasis. The EMBO Journal (2012) 31, 1999-2012. doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.49; Published online 28 February 2012 Subject Categories: membranes & transport; molecular biology of disease |
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